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hourly mean value of core body temperature (°C) after the injection of compounds and vehicle was first calculated. Then, the difference of tempera-ture between before (baseline) and after the injec-tion was assessed and plotted with a 0.5-h interval for 6 h to adjust the variability of baseline. Further-more, the area under the curve was also assessed in each compound group for 6 h after injection. The mean value of locomotor activity (counts/h) for 6 h after the injection was assessed and plotted with a 1-h interval. The cumulative amount (counts/h) for 6 h after injection was also assessed and plotted with a 1-h interval.Ginkgolide B, the major active compound in Ginkgo biloba, dose-dependently increases wakefulness and decreases NREM sleepGenerally known as Ginkgo, Ginkgo biloba is widely used in traditional medicine and for food. EGb 761, extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaves, is known as a therapeutic agent and dietary supple-ment for cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, while EGb 761 has also been shown to relieve anxiety symptoms in patients with generalized anxiety disorder and Figure 1　After the headstage installation and abdominal transmitter implantation, the mice are observed in the cage for several days. After that, the experiment will be initiated. First, the mice are taken out of the cage and orally administered the compound. After administration, the mice are immediately returned to their habituated cages. Then, EEG and EMG measurements, locomotor activity and core body temperature measurements will be conducted.adjustment disorder without sedation. EGb 761 is composed of flavonoid glycosides and terpene lactones. Of the terpene lactones, ginkgolides account for 2.8% to 3.4% and virobalides 2.6% to 3.2%. Gink-golides exert neuroprotective effects against isch-emic stroke caused by neuronal damage, and inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease. In particular, ginkgolide B is the most potent selective and competitive platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist, and has antioxidant and anti-inflamma-tory effects.In addition, ginkgolides (A, B, C) and bilobalide have been shown to antagonize gamma-aminobu-tyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors and glycine receptors in the central nervous system. We assessed the effects of ginkgolides (A, B, C) and bilobalide on vigilance, locomotor, and core body temperature using EEG, EMG, and telemetry implants. We intraperitoneally injected two doses of ginkgolides A, B, C or bilobalide (i.e., 0.5 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg) and vehicle on different days Zeit︲geber Time (ZT)2.As a result, we showed that only ginkgolide B dose-dependently increased the amount of wake-fulness and decreases the amount of NREM sleep 117