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<0.0010.0050.0020.0020.1750.008<0.001<0.0010.00628Juntendo University Hospital employees (Tokyo, Japan). A total of 4,350 participants completed a web-based questionnaire on their medical history and current health status. The Center for Epidemi-ologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used for assessment, with a score of ≥16 considered indicative of depression. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine (approval no. 22004). Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v. 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Chi-square tests were performed to assess correla-tions between depression scores and patient char-acteristics (e.g., sex). Clinical variables were compared using two-tailed Mann-Whitney U tests in cases with two groups or the Kruskal-Wallis test in cases with three or more groups. A two-tailed Table 1　Comparison of 2021 and 2019 CES-D results for Juntendo University Hospital employees (Tokyo, Japan).Sex, M/FAge, yearsNumber and the positive rate of CES-D by occupation doctor resident nurse paramedics support staff clerk teaching staff researcher part-timeAverage score by occupation doctor resident nurse paramedics support staff clerk teaching staff researcher part-timep values with statistical significance are in bold.The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CES-D.2021N = 43501603/274737.8 ± 12.1604(20.2%)87 (20.7%)1329 (41.5%)499 (31.9%)110 (32.7%)467 (33.4%)280 (21.8%)688 (27.2%)286 (17.1%)9.0 (4.0 – 14.0)10.0 (6.0 – 14.0)13.0 (8.0 – 21.0)12.0 (7.0 – 18.0)13.0 (8.0 – 18.0)11.0 (6.0 – 18.0)8.0 (3.0 – 14.0)10.0 (6.0 – 16.0)7.0 (3.0 – 12.0)Outcome of CES-D2019N = 42401633/260737.8 ± 12.1611 (18.0%)98 (19.4%)1295 (40.0%)501 (30.5%)100 (30.0%)397 (28.7%)241 (14.9%)648 (20.5%)349 (15.2%)6.0 (2.0 – 12.0)6.5 (2.0 – 12.25)13.0 (6.0 – 20.0)10.0 (5.0 – 17.0)10.0 (5.25 – 7.75)9.0 (4.0 – 16.5)5.0 (2.0 – 11.0)8.0 (3.0 – 13.75)5.0 (2.0 – 11.0)p-value of <0.05 was considered significant for all tests.Correlations between variables associated with the CES-D scores were subjected to univariate analyses.In this study, the prevalence of depression among all employees was 30.8% in 2021, and significantly greater than the pre-pandemic value in 2019 of 27.5%. When participants were subdivided by occu-pation (nurses, paramedics, doctors, residents, clerks, researchers, support staff, teaching staff, and part-time staff), nurses had the highest depression rate (41.5%), followed by clerks (33.4%), support staff (32.7%), paramedics (31.9%) , and researchers (27.2%), whereas teaching staff (21.8%), residents (20.7%), doctors (20.2%), and part-time staff (17.1%) reported lower depression rates (Table 1). p-value0.1140.8120.3430.8560.4270.6820.7660.1420.0550.0050.516