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(1)Method of the rat liver transplantationgoverned by the Soviet Union, and West Berlin was governed by France, Great Britain, and the United States. West Berlin and West Germany were connected by autobahns, railroads and planes, and West Berlin developed with West Germany.On November 9, 1989, the Berlin Wall suddenly collapsed. Many people were destroying the Berlin Wall with a hammer. It was as if they were venting years worth of anger. The work to remove the Berlin Wall began the next day, and East and West Germany were unified on October 3, the following year.We also traveled to Berlin at once. The slide is the Berlin Wall and the Brandenburg Gate. The four-headed carriage (quadriga) and the goddess Victoria are facing backwards, and you can see that this photo was taken from East Berlin (Figure 2).Around the Berlin Wall, there were many people breaking the wall and selling pieces of it. I think the prices ranged from 500 yen to 1000 yen per pieces. I bought a lot of and gave them out as souvenirs when I returned to Japan, and many people including the professor were pleased with it (Figure 3).I was surprised to hear that the East German car Trabant (nicknamed Trabi) had a terrible exhaust gas and its body was made of paper. East and West Germany were unified, and the owners of Travi, who saw Mercedes-Benz and BMW in West Germany, were disappointed and dumped them in the trash.Figure 2　The figure is the Berlin Wall and the Brandenburg Gate. The four-headed carriage (quadriga) and the goddess Victoria are facing backwards, and you can see that this photo was taken from East Berlin.Figure 3　I bought a lot of debris of the Berlin Wall as a souvenir when I returned to Japan, and many people including the professor were pleased with it.433Two studies on liver transplantation in No one at Juntendo at that time succeeded in a rat liver transplantation. I studied abroad in Germany and tried while reading a treatise, but even after two months, I couldn’t get a surviving case, and the experimental plan was already dead-locked. Just when I was desperate, I got informa-tion that there was a Japanese person experi-menting with rat liver transplantation at the University of Cologne, so I went to the University of Cologne as a last hope.There, a professor from Hokkaido University was very successful in rat liver transplantation, and when he talked about my situation, he gener-ously provided his own handwritten procedure manual for rat liver transplantation. After that, I also succeeded in rat liver transplantation in more than a dozen cases. The slide is that the upper hepatic vena cava, which has been sutured with 7-0 proline (Figure 4).Figure 5 shows reconstructions of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava by Kamada’s cuff method. The bile duct is reconstructed by end-to- end anastomosis with a stent tube. The real plea-sure of liver transplantation is the moment when the color of the liver changes from white to red due to reperfusion of the portal vein (Figure 5).West Germany