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Corresponding author: Koichi SatoDepartment of Surgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital1129 Nagaoka, Izunokuni-shi, Shizuoka, 410-2295, JapanTEL: +81-55-948-3111　FAX: +81-55-948-5088　E-mail: kosatou@juntendo.ac.jp352nd Triannual Meeting of the Juntendo Medical Society “Farewell Lectures of Retiring Professors” 〔Held on Mar 31, 2021〕〔Received　Jun. 17, 2021〕〔Accepted　Jun. 30, 2021〕J-STAGE Advance published date: Sep. 24, 2021Copyright © 2021 The Juntendo Medical Society. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original source is properly credited. doi: 10.14789/jmj.JMJ21-0011-R　In 1961, the Berlin Wall was built by East Germany all around West Berlin. East Berlin was governed by the Soviet Union, and West Berlin was governed by France, Great Britain, and the United States. West Berlin and West Germany were connected by autobahns, railroads and planes, and West Berlin developed with West Germany. On November 9, 1989, the Berlin Wall suddenly collapsed. Many people were destroying the Berlin Wall with a hammer, as if they vented their anger for years. The work to remove the Berlin Wall began the next day, and East and West Germany were unified on October 3, the following year.　I tried two studies on liver transplantation in West Germany. One was an experimental study on the effects of the donor’s fasting and graft viability after liver transplantation, and the other was a study on the role of Kupffer cells in the induction of tolerance after liver transplantation. It has been suggested that poor nutritional status of donors promotes preservation injury and contributes to a decrease in the viability of the transplanted liver, and hepatic Kupffer cells are involved in the establishment of induction of specific immunological tolerance in donor specific blood transfusion.432Juntendo Medical Journal2021. 67(5), 432-436Special ReviewsStudy Abroad in West Germany and the Fall of the Berlin WallIntroductionI graduated from Juntendo university school of medicine in 1989 and entered the first department of surgery after working as a surgical resident, I entered the first department of surgery. I obtained my degree in 1988, and in 1989, I was given the opportunity to study abroad, which I had long wanted, and was assigned to the university of Münster in West Germany. At the time I studied abroad Germany was divided into east and west. The University of Münster where I studied abroad was in the state of Nordrhein-Westfalen. Berlin was located in East Germany, and West Berlin was just an isolated island in East Germany (Figure 1).Construction and fall of the Berlin WallIn 1961, the Berlin Wall was built by East Germany all around West Berlin. East Berlin was Key words: Berlin Wall, liver transplantation, donor’s fasting, donor specific blood transfusionDepartment of Surgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Shizuoka, JapanFigure 1　At the time I studied abroad Germany was divided into east and west. Blue is West Germany and red is East Germany. The University of Münster where I studied abroad was in the state of Nordrhein-Westfalen. Berlin was located in East Germany, and West Berlin was just an isolated island in East Germany.Koichi SATO