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edition also had high sensitivity and specificity27).In our experience, CLOCK CHART® is unde-manding enough for even non-ophthalmologist physicians to perform it within 10 minutes. Even self-assessment is possible. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an anatomical and histologic test which examines the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer while perimetry and CLOCK CHART® yield a physiological assessment of vision3). On the other hand, a history of traffic accidents may indicate daily-activity-linked vision, since even those who suffer from anatomical vision defects may be able to compensate through full utilization of other physical functions. CLOCK CHART® can be used to functionally assess vision. Non-ophthalmology physicians and surgeons should also screen visual fields of patients using CLOCK CHART® to identify those at-risk for the traffic accident by detection of visual field defects to prevent traffic accidents. CLOCK CHART® is useful for boosting awareness of glaucoma, leading to its diag-nosis and treatment, and will help keep drivers with glaucoma safe.Concluding RemarksAmong licensed drivers, glaucoma is distress-ingly prevalent and correlates with traffic acci-dents (health-related traffic accidents). General screening with CLOCK CHART® leads to appro-priate and early diagnosis and treatment and care for glaucoma, which might promote safe driving.AcknowledgementsWe would like to express our gratitude to Professor Robert F. Whittier and Professor Keiko Asano for their kind assistance. The study was funded by International Association of Traffic and Safety Sciences (IATSS). Dr. Saki Fukumoto presented the part of this study and was awarded with the Kurokawa Prize at the Annual Meeting 2019 of the American College of Physicians (ACP) Japan Chapter in Kyoto, Japan. 1) Tanigawa T: “Report on Health-Related Traffic Acci-dents”. 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Ophthalmology, 2004; 111: 1641-1648. 6) Yamamoto T, Iwase A, Araie M, et al: The Tajimi Study report 2: prevalence of primary angle closure and secondary glaucoma in a Japanese population. Ophthal-mology, 2005; 112: 1661-1669. 7) Crabb DP, Smith ND, Glen FC, Burton R, Garway-Heath DF: How does glaucoma look?: patient percep-tion of visual field loss. Ophthalmology, 2013; 120: 1120-1126. 8) Kwon M, Huisingh C, Rhodes LA, McGwin G Jr, Wood JM, Owsley C: Association between Glaucoma and At-fault Motor Vehicle Collision Involvement among Older Drivers: A Population-based Study. Ophthal-mology, 2016; 123: 109-116. 9) McGwin G Jr, Xie A, Mays A, et al: Visual field defects and the risk of motor vehicle collisions among patients with glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2005; 46: 4437-4441.10) McGwin G Jr, Huisingh C, Jain SG, Girkin CA, Owsley C: Binocular visual field impairment in glaucoma and at-fault motor vehicle collisions. J Glaucoma, 2015; 24: 138-143.11) Blane A: Through the Looking Glass: A Review of the Literature Investigating the Impact of Glaucoma on Crash Risk, Driving Performance, and Driver Self-Reg-ulation in Older Drivers. J Glaucoma, 2016; 25: 113-121.12) Kunimatsu-Sanuki S, Iwase A, Araie M, et al: The role of specific visual subfields in collisions with oncoming cars during simulated driving in patients with advanced glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol, 2017; 101: 896-901.13) Glen FC, Smith ND, Crabb DP: Impact of superior and inferior visual field loss on hazard detection in a computer-based driving test. Br J Ophthalmol, 2015; 99: 613-617.14) Wood JM, Black AA, Mallon K, Thomas R, Owsley C: Glaucoma and Driving: On-Road Driving Characteris-tics. PLoS One, 2016; 11: e0158318.15) Lee SS, Black AA, Wood JM: Effect of glaucoma on eye movement patterns and laboratory-based hazard detection ability. 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